Celadon Dragon Fish Ewer (The National Museum of Korea 303, Ceramic Room)

Korea derives its name from an old dynasty called Goryeo, which existed from 918 AD to 1392 AD. After the fall of this dynasty, the nation based on the Korean Peninsula was known as Joseon and later Daehan. However, the name "Korea" had already been introduced to the world by Arabian merchants who visited Byukran-do, an international port near Gaeseong, the capital of Goryeo. These merchants imported Korean pottery and ginseng, which made the name "Korea" known to the wider world—a name that has endured to this day.

Korean pottery was highly competitive at the time. The National Museum of Korea houses an extensive collection of Goryeo pottery, showcasing the nation's exceptional craftsmanship. Goryeo was established in the 10th century, and during the 11th and 12th centuries, artisans perfected the technique of creating celadon, known as cheongja in Korean. This jade-colored pottery was characterized by its delicate designs and flawless finish, achieved even after being fired at a high temperature of 1,200℃.

One of the most notable pieces of Goryeo celadon is the "Celadon Dragon Fish Ewer," a masterpiece from the 12th century, when Korean celadon reached its peak. This unique jug is designed to pour liquid through the dragon's mouth, with the tail serving as the opening for filling. The ewer features intricate details, such as scales, wings, and a beard, crafted so meticulously that one forgets it is made from fragile clay. It is designated as National Treasure No. 61 of Korea and can be found in the celadon room on the third floor of the National Museum of Korea, where it continues to captivate visitors with its whimsical and elegant beauty.